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Fluid saturation estimation using Full Waveform Inversion (FWI): a controlled laboratory experiment
Alsaad, Ali S.
Alsaad, Ali S.
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2024-04
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Abstract
This study explores the use of Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) and fluid substitution analysis to estimate fluid saturation in a laboratory setting, focusing on monitoring fluid injection processes crucial for enhanced oil recovery, hydraulic fracturing, and carbon capture and storage (CCS). Employing time-lapse FWI (4D FWI) in a controlled experiment, the study aims to detect changes in fluid saturation within a Berea Sandstone sample and evaluate the effectiveness of traditional methods like Gassmann fluid substitution in capturing the complexities of fluid-rock interactions under partially saturated conditions.
The research outlines a meticulous experimental procedure for acoustic data acquisition, mesh creation, data preprocessing, and the application of FWI to obtain high-resolution P-wave velocity models. These models challenge the conventional expectations set by Gassmann's theory, particularly noting unexpected P-wave velocity reductions post brine injection, which are attributed to factors such as patchy saturation and wave-induced fluid flow (WIFF).
Concluding with insights and recommendations for future research, the thesis advocates for the refinement of FWI parameters, the development of more accurate fluid substitution models, and the adoption of advanced computational techniques. This work represents a significant contribution to the field, demonstrating the potential of 4D FWI in laboratory experiments for enhancing fluid injection monitoring and reservoir characterization.
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