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Investigation of factors affecting direct lithium extraction with ion exchange
Putro, Cahyo A.
Putro, Cahyo A.
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2022
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Lithium has been identified as a critical or near-critical element in a number of recent studies, owing to its significance in green technology. The threat of global warming from the combustion of fossil fuels, along with the awareness that a shift to electric and hybrid vehicles powered by lithium batteries might significantly reduce the nation’s carbon footprint and dependency on foreign oil. Continental brines make the highest contribution to lithium production by supplying 59% of overall lithium production. Because of the increased demand over the years, the current and projected productions are feared to be too short to handle the demands. Hence, better recovery and processing method for lithium is needed to establish more economical and environmentally-friendly outcome. Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) is the most recent trend in lithium extraction. DLE’s large scale economics are still unknown, but it appears to be carving out a niche for lower-grade brine and petroleum brine projects for the time being. Adsorption, ion exchange, and solvent extraction are the three major types of DLE technology. This study attempted to contribute to the DLE technology development by performing experimental research on the ion exchange process in DLE. It also included a comprehensive Pourbaix diagram thermodynamic evaluation for the elements found in the system. The experiments were performed to investigate the factors affecting direct lithium extraction during the ion exchange process. Factors that were studied included pH, Temperature, Time, and Resin Dose. The results show that pH, Temperature, and Time are the significant factors which affect the amount of extracted lithium. Time and Temperature give positive effects which means the extraction is better as Time and Temperature increase. On the other hand, pH regulated the condition in which the extraction could or could not be occurred. In this experiment, Resin A extracted lithium at pH 7, and Resin B extracted lithium at pH 6. In summary, Resin B is considered to be better than Resin A practically since it extracts lithium at lower pH, which means it has fewer consumption requirement of caustic during pre-treatment.
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