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Electrification of rural areas: a case study of Balochistan, Pakistan
Mughal, Lailomah
Mughal, Lailomah
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2023
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Abstract
Access to modern energy technologies is necessary for socioeconomic development of communities worldwide. Although access to energy has not yet been established as a basic human right, it is considered as a derived human right. Rural communities are facing severe energy injustice. These communities are typically scattered over large geographical areas that are far away from nearby cites, which makes electrification projects challenging due to the high capital costs and low rate of return. However, with the latest advances in distributed and renewable energy resources, off-grid systems are being considered as an emerging solution for rural electrification. In addition, mobile energy storage systems are gaining attention to overcome energy injustice in rural areas. This thesis focuses on the possible solutions for the electrification of rural regions, along with a discussion of some of the existing electrification projects around the world to offer a better understanding of how the world is approaching this problem and what the pros and cons of those different technologies are. It then proposed an optimization framework through which such projects can be modeled and implemented with both technical and social awareness. For proof-of-concept purposes and to validate the performance of the model, a case study has been considered based on union councils (demand areas) in Loralai/Bori Tehsil, in Balochistan, Pakistan.
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