Physics
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On the stability of a wormhole in the maximally-extended Reissner-Nordström solutionWe consider the stability of the maximally-extended Reissner-Nordström solution in a Minkowski, de Sitter, or anti-de Sitter background. In a broad class of situations, prior work has shown that spherically symmetric perturbations from a massless scalar field cause the inner horizon of an RN black hole to become singular and collapse. Even if this is the case, it may still be possible for an observer to travel through the inner horizon before it fully collapses, thus violating strong cosmic censorship. In this work, we show that the collapse of the inner horizon and the occurrence of a singularity along the inner horizon are sufficient to prevent an observer from accessing the white hole regions and the parallel universe regions of the maximally extended RN space-time. Thus, if an observer passes through the inner horizon, they will inevitably hit the central singularity. Throughout this article, we use natural units where c = G = 4 {\pi} {\epsilon}_0 = 1.
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Patterning by light: the engineering of integrated circuits: a module developed for hands-on learningThis document is a lesson plan for a short module covering: (i) the concept of an integrated circuit and how it is patterned (ii) how light is used to induce a chemical change and form a pattern (iii) the size of integrated circuits and the concept of length scales Colorado state science standards addressed by the module are included. The module is readily adapted for students in grades 1-12. It was originally drafted for presentation to children aged 7-13 at the Rocky Mountain Camp for Dyslexic Children. The planned activities are therefore hands-on and do not rely on reading or writing skills.
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Thermal transport: conduction and radiation: a module developed for hands-on learningThis document is a lesson plan for a short module covering: (i) the concept of temperature and how it is measured, (ii) the transportation of heat - specifically conduction and radiation, (iii) the material dependence of the transportation of heat. Colorado state science standards addressed by the module are included. The module is readily adapted for students in grades 1-12. It was originally drafted for presentation to children aged 7-13 at the Rocky Mountain Camp for Dyslexic Children. The planned activities are therefore hands-on and do not rely on reading or writing skills.