Power harvesting using FDTD for 5G biomedical applications

Abstract

The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is well characterized for various simulations of 5G applications. Biomedical applications are one notable area of research, particularly wearable devices for remotely monitoring patients. The current simulations are conducted at 28 and 29 GHz within the n257 and n261 bands of the 5G allocation spectrum [1]. Higher frequencies allow for compact designs, higher data rates, and more capacity, however, they also have higher path loss, increased sensitivity to fabrication, potential health effects, and require efficiency of power transfer for wirelessly charging without the need for batteries [1]. Despite these challenges, there is a need for research and demonstrated performance of 5G wearable devices. The FDTD is used to enhance the transfer of power for wearable antenna on human wrist using combination of dielectric cylinders at the surface of the skin [2]. A 2D model of the wrist tissues is used with the traditional FDTD algorithm to solve for the E-field distribution within the first tissue layer. A 3D wrist model is used with the dispersive FDTD formulation Debye permittivity model to accurately simulate more practical layouts [3]. Our 2D optimized model results show a potential gain of over 8 dB for 28 and 29 GHz which is higher by at least 2 dB over existing similar analysis showing 6 dB of gain [2]. The more practical 3D simulations show a potential gain of 6 dB and 3 dB for 28 and 29 GHz, respectively.