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Synthesis and targeted delivery of nanocapsules to prevent pancreatic islet death in type I diabetes
Rupeka, Andrew Akolade, Jubril Farnsworth, Nikki
Rupeka, Andrew
Akolade, Jubril
Farnsworth, Nikki
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2025-04
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Abstract
Type I diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease associated with an autoimmune reaction where the immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas, mistaking them for foreign invaders. This process involves the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (including IL-β, TNF-α, and IIFN-γ, known to be highly concentrated in T1D) that activate protein kinase C delta (PKCδ), ultimately leading to β-cell apoptosis and the inability to regulate blood glucose. Current treatments for T1D, primarily insulin injections, offer only short-term relief. This study focuses on developing a novel drug delivery system to prevent islet cell death and dysfunction during disease pathogenesis, aiming to create therapies that prevent the onset of T1D. To achieve this, we are assessing the viability of murine and human islets exposed to key T1D-associated cytokines – IL-β, TNF-α, and IIFN-γ – using confocal microscopy. Furthermore, we are developing nanocapsules containing therapeutic cargo for targeted drug delivery to islet cells, adjusting their synthesis methodology. The effectiveness of these nanocapsules is being evaluated by testing their stability and size using dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. Moreover, islet viability will be assessed in the presence and absence of these nanocapsules to evaluate their efficacy. These investigations into islet viability and nanocapsule characteristics will inform the development of a targeted drug delivery system with the potential to prevent β-cell destruction and alter the course of T1D.
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