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Artisanal and small-scale mining developing in Chile: impact and structural barriers to formalization
Guajardo Retamales, Isabel ; Colorado School of Mines. Payne Institute for Public Policy ; Kamurai, Clarkson ; Handler, Brad ; Lange, Ian
Guajardo Retamales, Isabel
Colorado School of Mines. Payne Institute for Public Policy
Kamurai, Clarkson
Handler, Brad
Lange, Ian
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2026-04-10
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Abstract
Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM) plays a meaningful, though often understated, role in Chile's mining sector and regional economies. It is estimated to employ approximately 8% of the mining-related workforce across all minerals, both directly and indirectly. It contributes around 0.072% of national GDP and supports the livelihoods of an average of 21 people per active operation. While its aggregate economic footprint is modest at the national level, ASM's social, territorial, and institutional relevance is significant, particularly in mining-dependent regions.
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